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Japan earthquake

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One year after north-eastern Japan was shaken by a 9.0 magnitude earthquake and inundated by tsunami waters, the National Police Agency figures show the scale of the disaster and how much progress the country has made towards recovery.

The Great East Japan Earthquake and resulting tsunami that tore through the country’s north-eastern coastal communities killed almost 16,000 people and destroyed the lives of thousands more.

The double disaster, which in turn triggered a third crisis at the Fukushima nuclear plant, may have been a year ago, but for many of those in the worst-affected areas life remains in a state of turmoil.

In Miyagi, Iwate and Fukushima prefectures whole communities were wiped out by the ferocious power of the tsunami. On top of the current known death toll, a further 3,000 people are still listed as missing.

Even among those that survived, many were unable to return home. According to the Japanese authorities, more than 330,000 are still living in some kind of temporary accommodation, including those staying with friends and family or in hotels. More than 500 remain in evacuation centres.

The Great East Japan Earthquake and resulting tsunami that tore through the country's north-eastern coastal communities killed almost 16,000 people and destroyed the lives of thousands more

The Great East Japan Earthquake and resulting tsunami that tore through the country's north-eastern coastal communities killed almost 16,000 people and destroyed the lives of thousands more

National Police Agency of Japan figures show almost 300,000 buildings were destroyed and a further one million damaged, either by the quake, tsunami or resulting fires. Almost 4,000 roads, 78 bridges and 29 railways were also affected.

Patrick Fuller, of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and who was there in the immediate aftermath of the disaster, tells of the “complete and utter devastation”.

“The only way I can describe how it was is that it was just like out of the Terminator movie – a futuristic scene of mangled and twisted wreckage.”

The Japanese authorities estimate a staggering 25 million tons of debris was generated in the three worst-affected prefectures. This is many times greater than the amount created by the 2010 Haiti earthquake.

Consequently, the clean-up has been a mammoth task, even for a nation known for its preparedness.

Much of the rubble and waste has been cleared from the streets, but the Japanese environment ministry last month revealed only 5% had been disposed of and 72% was still being stored at temporary sites.

Officials explained the delays had been caused by a number of factors, including difficulties finding sites for incinerators in affected areas and the reluctance in other prefectures of Japan to take the waste amid fears of radiation contamination.

Environment Minister Goshi Hosono said the ministry’s original goal of completing disposal by the end of March 2014 was unrealistic and urged other parts of the country to help out.

However, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) says the Japanese authorities have made remarkable progress considering the upheaval and disruption caused by the disaster.

The organization praised Japan’s emphasis on waste segregation and recycling and said lessons could be learned from the way the country had managed the quake and tsunami debris.

Yet, while most the rubble and waste has been cleared, there remain long stretches of empty coastline where rebuilding has yet to take place. In fact, debate still continues on whether some residential areas should be moved inland and to higher ground.

A survey by the Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper late last year found that 26 out of 37 municipalities in coastal areas of Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures were considering large-scale residential relocations.

A more recent survey for the same paper found 72% of respondents said they could see little or no progress in reconstruction efforts. Asked to choose one or more explanations why, 75% blamed the Fukushima nuclear crisis, 63% said it was the devastating impact of the earthquake, while 61% agreed there were problems in the government’s response to the disaster.

But Patrick Fuller of the Red Cross points out that many towns destroyed by the quake and tsunami are “starting from scratch” and that Japan’s progress after a year compares to that achieved in three years in places like Indonesia and Sri Lanka after the 2004 tsunami.

The task for the Japanese government now is to help its people get back on their feet, given the inevitable crippling economic cost of such a disaster, he says.

Last year, the Cabinet Office of Japan estimated it cost the country 16.9 trillion yen ($210 billion).

But the country’s national and local authorities believe the reconstruction will actually cost more than 23 trillion yen ($286 billion) over a decade.

Crucial to the rebuilding is getting affected communities back to work and giving them a sense of purpose, says Patrick Fuller.

“This is going to take a monumental effort from the government and it is going to take years.”

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Yoshihiko Noda, the Japan’s new prime minister.

 

[googlead tip=”patrat_mare”]Naoto Kan, Japan’s Prime Minister resigned on Friday, fulfilling a promise to critics who blasted what they called his befuddled response to the nation’s dual economic and nuclear calamities triggered by the March 11 earthquake and tsunami.

 

In a nationally televised speech, Japanese PM Naoto Kan announced on Friday that he resigned from his position as leader of the ruling Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) after only 15 months.

After Naoto Kan long-anticipated resignation, DPJ has to select a new leader until Monday — with the winner almost certainly to become Japan’s prime minister.

Naoto Kan‘s departure, after assuming his post in June 2011 following another Japanese power shakeup, means that his successor will become the Japan’s 6th prime minister since 2006.

PM Naoto Kan had promised he would quit once lawmakers passed three key pieces of post-tsunami recovery legislation, the last two of which cleared parliament Friday.

 

Naoto Kan, 64, is the former finance minister who entered politics after laboring as a Tokyo civic activist.

PM Naoto Kan announced on Friday that he resigned from his position as leader of the ruling Democratic Party of Japan

PM Naoto Kan announced on Friday that he resigned from his position as leader of the ruling Democratic Party of Japan

He initially held the appeal of an outsider who rose up the political ladder on his own merit, rather than merely inheriting political favor as the son or grandson of an outgoing politician.

PM’s approval rating, already near a historic low, plummeted further after what critics call several blunders following the March 11 earthquake that crippled the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.

The natural disaster led to the release of deadly radiation into the atmosphere and prompted the evacuation of tens of thousands of nearby residents, many of whom have yet to return to their homes.

 

A recent poll by Japan’s Kyodo News Agency showed that Naoto Kan’s popularity rating among voters had dropped to just 15.8%.[googlead tip=”vertical_mare” aliniat=”dreapta”]

 

In the weeks following the meltdown at several reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi plant, critics lambasted Naoto Kan for failing to take charge of the disaster response and leaving too much power in the hands of the Tokyo Electric Power Co., the utility that runs the plant.

Only after the catastrophe Naoto Kan called for alternatives to Japan’s nuclear power policies. While the Kyodo poll showed that 75% of respondents favored a plan to phase out nuclear power, most were determined to be rid of Naoto Kan as well.

Akiko Domoto, a former governor of Chiba Prefecture who worked closely with Naoto Kan within the party said:

“He just didn’t have what it took to be Japan’s top leader.”

“In the party, he did a good job, but as prime minister, he couldn’t talk with the bureaucrats and had little control. Especially after the earthquake, he tried to do everything by himself. We needed a strong leader, and his leadership just wasn’t strong enough.”

[googlead tip=”lista_mare” aliniat=”stanga”]Possible successors for PM position include former Foreign Minister Seji Maehara, Finance Minister Yoshihiko Noda and Trade Minister Banri Kaieda.

The winner will face challenges that include rebuilding from the March catastrophe, forging a new nuclear policy and curbing a public debt that’s already twice the size of Japan’s $5 trillion economy. The new PM will also need to mend fences with the U.S. over the relocation of an American military base on Okinawa. Naoto Kan had recently cancelled talks with President Barack Obama over uncertainty about the Japanese leader’s political future.

While many outside experts say that Seji Maehara remains the one to beat, they admit that Japan’s politics are nearly impossible to predict.